HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) and SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) are essential components in ensuring secure communication over the internet.

HTTPS is an extension of the standard HTTP protocol that adds encryption and identity verification mechanisms through SSL. It uses cryptographic algorithms to protect data transmitted between the client (e.g., web browser) and the server, preventing attackers from intercepting or modifying the information.

The importance of HTTPS and SSL lies in safeguarding sensitive data, such as login credentials, personal information, and financial transactions, from being accessed by unauthorized individuals or attackers.

By encrypting the data with SSL, the integrity and confidentiality of the communication are preserved, reducing the risk of eavesdropping and ensuring that the information remains private and secure.