Question:

Consider the following program:

public class ControlFlowExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        int x = 7;
        int y = 3;
        String z = "yes";
        
        if (x > y && z.equals("yes")) {
            System.out.println("Condition 1 is true");
        } else if (x > y || z.equals("no")) {
            System.out.println("Condition 2 is true");
        } else {
            System.out.println("Condition 3 is true");
        }
        
    }
}

What will be the output of the above program?

(a) Condition 1 is true
(b) Condition 2 is true
(c) Condition 3 is true
(d) There will be no output

Explain your answer with a step-by-step detailed explanation.

Answer:

The correct answer is (a) Condition 1 is true.

Here's the step-by-step explanation:

1. In the program, three variables x, y, and z are declared and initialized with the following values:

   • x = 7
   • y = 3
   • z = "yes"

2. The program then enters the if-else ladder, beginning with the if statement:

   • The condition x > y && z.equals("yes") is evaluated.
   • Here, x > y evaluates to true because 7 > 3.
   • The second part of the condition z.equals("yes") is also true because the string "yes" is equal to z which is "yes".
   • Since both conditions are true, the code inside the if statement executes, and the output "Condition 1 is true" is printed.

3. As the output has been printed, the program exits from the if-else ladder and the program ends.

Therefore, the output of the program will be "Condition 1 is true".