Question:

Consider the following code snippet:

import java.util.*;

public class RandomDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Random rand = new Random();
        
        int num1 = rand.nextInt(10);
        int num2 = rand.nextInt(10);
        double num3 = rand.nextDouble();
        boolean bool = rand.nextBoolean();
        
        System.out.println("Generated random integer between 0 and 9 (inclusive): " + num1);
        System.out.println("Generated random integer between 0 and 9 (inclusive): " + num2);
        System.out.println("Generated random decimal between 0.0 and 1.0 (exclusive): " + num3);
        System.out.println("Generated random boolean value: " + bool);
    }
}

Explain the usage of the Random class in the provided code snippet. What are the possible outputs of the program?

Answer:

The Random class in Java provides methods to generate random numbers of different types. In the given code snippet, we create an instance of the Random class called rand using the new keyword.

The code then uses various methods of the Random class to generate random numbers:

1. rand.nextInt(10) generates a random integer between 0 (inclusive) and 10 (exclusive). It is assigned to the variable num1 and num2. Since the exclusive upper bound is 10, the possible outputs are integers from 0 to 9.

2. rand.nextDouble() generates a random double value between 0.0 (inclusive) and 1.0 (exclusive). It is assigned to the variable num3. The possible outputs are real numbers in the range [0.0, 1.0).

3. rand.nextBoolean() generates a random boolean value, either true or false. It is assigned to the variable bool. The possible outputs are true and false.

Therefore, the possible outputs of the program include:

Generated random integer between 0 and 9 (inclusive): 3
Generated random integer between 0 and 9 (inclusive): 7
Generated random decimal between 0.0 and 1.0 (exclusive): 0.456789
Generated random boolean value: true

The actual output may vary on each execution of the program since the random numbers are generated dynamically.