In the realm of quantum mechanics, two fascinating phenomena emerge: quantum superposition and entanglement. These concepts challenge our classical understanding of the physical world and play a vital role in various quantum applications.

Quantum Superposition

Quantum superposition states that a particle can exist in multiple states or locations simultaneously until measured or observed. This means that an electron, for instance, can be in a superposition of multiple energy states. This idea was famously demonstrated by Erwin Schrödinger's thought experiment involving a cat, where the cat is both alive and dead until observed.