Renewable energy sources are those that can be naturally replenished within a human timescale and are not depleted when used. They include solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, biomass, and geothermal energy. These sources offer several advantages, such as a reduced impact on the environment, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and an infinite supply. For instance, solar energy is produced by harnessing sunlight through photovoltaic panels or solar thermal systems, while wind energy is generated by wind turbines converting the wind's kinetic energy.

Non-renewable energy sources, on the other hand, are finite and take millions of years to form. They include fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas, as well as nuclear energy. These sources contribute to environmental pollution and climate change due to their high carbon emissions. For example, coal is burned to produce electricity, emitting large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Oil and natural gas are commonly used for transportation and heating purposes, releasing greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming.

Both renewable and non-renewable energy sources play a significant role in meeting our energy demands. However, the increasing global concern for climate change has led to a growing focus on the development and utilization of renewable energy sources. By transitioning towards renewable energy, we can reduce our reliance on non-renewable sources and mitigate the environmental impact associated with their use.