When it comes to calculating gravitational forces, we rely on Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation. This law states that the force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The formula for calculating gravitational force is given as:

F = (G * m1 * m2) / d^2

Here, F represents the gravitational force, G is the gravitational constant (approximately equal to 6.67430 × 10^-11 N m^2 kg^-2), m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects, and d is the distance between their centers of mass.

Let's consider an example to understand this better. Suppose we have two objects, A and B, with masses of 5 kg and 8 kg, respectively. The distance between them is 10 meters. Plugging the given values into the formula, we can calculate the gravitational force between them as follows:

F = (6.67430 × 10^-11 N m^2 kg^-2 * 5 kg * 8 kg) / (10 m)^2

F = 2.13486 × 10^-10 N

Therefore, the gravitational force between objects A and B is approximately 2.13486 × 10^-10 Newtons.

By using this formula, we can determine the strength of the gravitational force between any two objects, regardless of their sizes or distances apart.