Post

Created by @nathanedwards
 at November 1st 2023, 5:21:37 am.

AP Physics 1 Exam Question:

A wave is described by the equation:

y(x,t)=2sin((20πm1)x(100πs1)t) y(x, t) = 2 \sin((20 \pi \, \text{m}^{-1})x - (100 \pi \, \text{s}^{-1})t)

where y y is the displacement of the wave at position x x and time t t .

a) What is the wavelength of the wave?

b) What is the frequency of the wave?

c) What is the maximum displacement of the wave?

d) What is the speed of the wave?

Answer:

a) The wavelength of a wave is the distance between two consecutive points in the wave that are in the same phase. In the given equation, the coefficient of x x is 20πm1 20 \pi \, \text{m}^{-1} . Since 2π 2 \pi radians corresponds to one complete cycle, we can find the wavelength using the equation:

wavelength=2πwave number \text{wavelength} = \frac{{2 \pi}}{{\text{wave number}}}

where wave number k=20πm1 k = 20 \pi \, \text{m}^{-1} .

wavelength=2π20πm1=110m \text{wavelength} = \frac{{2 \pi}}{{20 \pi \, \text{m}^{-1}}} = \frac{1}{10} \, \text{m}

Therefore, the wavelength of the wave is 110m \frac{1}{10} \, \text{m} .

b) The frequency of a wave is the number of complete cycles passing a point in one second. It is defined by the equation:

frequency=speed of the wavewavelength \text{frequency} = \frac{{\text{speed of the wave}}}{{\text{wavelength}}}

The speed of the wave is the coefficient of t t in the given equation, which is 100πs1 100 \pi \, \text{s}^{-1} .

frequency=100πs1110m=1000Hz \text{frequency} = \frac{{100 \pi \, \text{s}^{-1}}}{{\frac{1}{10} \, \text{m}}} = 1000 \, \text{Hz}

Therefore, the frequency of the wave is 1000Hz 1000 \, \text{Hz} .

c) The maximum displacement of the wave is the amplitude, which is the coefficient of the sine function in the given equation. In this case, the maximum displacement is 2 2 .

Therefore, the maximum displacement of the wave is 2m 2 \, \text{m} .

d) The speed of a wave is given by the equation:

speed of the wave=wavelength×frequency \text{speed of the wave} = \text{wavelength} \times \text{frequency}

Using the values we calculated earlier, we have:

speed of the wave=(110m)×(1000Hz)=100m/s \text{speed of the wave} = \left(\frac{1}{10} \, \text{m}\right) \times (1000 \, \text{Hz}) = 100 \, \text{m/s}

Therefore, the speed of the wave is 100m/s 100 \, \text{m/s} .