Manifest Destiny, a concept that advocated for the territorial expansion of the United States, was not without its critics. While some Americans saw it as a divine mission to spread democracy and civilization, others challenged its moral and ethical implications. One of the main controversies surrounding Manifest Destiny was its connection to imperialism. Critics argued that the idea justified American expansion at the expense of other nations and peoples, resembling the European colonial powers of the time.

Another significant criticism was the displacement and mistreatment of indigenous peoples. Native American tribes faced forced removal from their ancestral lands, resulting in immense suffering, loss of culture, and even death. Perhaps the most well-known example is the Trail of Tears, during which thousands of Cherokee people were forcibly relocated from their homelands to Indian Territory, resulting in the deaths of thousands due to harsh conditions and disease.

The legacy of Manifest Destiny in shaping the United States is still visible today. It contributed to the expansion of the nation's territory, leading to the acquisition of areas such as Texas, California, Oregon, and parts of the Midwest. Additionally, it established a precedent for American foreign policies centered around the idea of expanding influence and territorial control. This legacy can be seen in the U.S. interventions and territorial acquisitions during the 19th and 20th centuries, such as the annexation of Hawaii and the Spanish-American War.

Furthermore, Manifest Destiny's influence on American society is demonstrated in the ongoing struggles faced by indigenous peoples. The historical injustices and displacement caused by westward expansion continue to impact indigenous communities today, highlighting the long-lasting consequences of this ideology. Efforts towards recognizing and rectifying these historical injustices, such as the establishment of tribal sovereignty and the Native American rights movement, are ongoing and essential for addressing the legacy of Manifest Destiny.