In order to enhance the security of web applications, there are several tools and techniques available that can be utilized effectively.

1. Penetration Testing: This technique involves simulating real-world attacks on a web application to identify potential vulnerabilities. By conducting penetration tests, developers can gain valuable insights into the security flaws within their applications and take appropriate measures to mitigate them.

2. Vulnerability Scanners: These tools automate the process of scanning web applications for known vulnerabilities. They can help identify common vulnerabilities such as cross-site scripting (XSS) or SQL injection, allowing developers to patch them promptly.

3. Secure Coding Frameworks: Using secure coding frameworks, such as OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project) guides, can greatly assist developers in writing secure code. These frameworks provide best practices and guidelines to follow, reducing the likelihood of introducing security vulnerabilities.