The U.S. Congress is a vital institution in the United States, playing a crucial role in shaping the country's laws and policies. As the bicameral legislative branch of government, it comprises two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate. The former has 435 members, each representing a congressional district, while the latter has 100 senators, with two representing each state. Members are elected through direct elections by citizens, with representatives serving two-year terms and senators serving six-year terms.

Congress's primary responsibility lies in lawmaking, where it debates, amends, and passes bills that affect various aspects of American life, from healthcare to education, taxes, foreign policy, and national security. Additionally, Congress exercises oversight over the executive branch and its agencies, ensuring they operate within their constitutional bounds and appropriated funds. This includes conducting investigations, holding hearings, and confirming presidential appointments for judicial positions, ambassadorships, and other high-level roles.

The U.S. Congress also plays an essential role in setting the federal budget, levying taxes, and regulating commerce. It has the authority to declare war, approve international treaties, and ratify constitutional amendments. Furthermore, Congress has the power to impeach and remove the President, Vice President, and civil officers from office if necessary. In summary, the U.S. Congress serves as a critical check on the powers of the executive branch, represents the interests of the people, and shapes the course of the nation through its legislative and oversight responsibilities.