Electromagnetic waves are a fundamental concept in the study of electromagnetism. They are a type of wave that consists of oscillating electric and magnetic fields, propagating through space. Electromagnetic waves exhibit several important properties:

• Wavelength: Electromagnetic waves have a characteristic wavelength, denoted by the symbol λ (lambda). This represents the distance between successive crests or troughs of the wave. Wavelengths can range from very short gamma rays to very long radio waves.

• Frequency: The frequency of an electromagnetic wave, denoted by the symbol f, represents the number of oscillations per unit of time. It is inversely proportional to the wavelength and is measured in hertz (Hz).

• Speed: Electromagnetic waves always travel at the speed of light in a vacuum, denoted by the symbol c. The speed of light is approximately 3 x 10^8 meters per second.

Electromagnetic waves are closely related to light. In fact, visible light is a type of electromagnetic wave that is detectable by the human eye. The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses a wide range of wave frequencies, from extremely high-energy gamma rays to low-energy radio waves. Each segment of the spectrum has unique properties and applications.