The Vietnam War involved several key players and forces. The primary countries involved were the United States, North Vietnam, and South Vietnam. Each side had its own allies and military strategies.

1. United States and its Allies:

The United States played a major role in the Vietnam War by supporting South Vietnam and its government against the communist forces of North Vietnam. The U.S. provided military aid, equipment, and troops to South Vietnam. Additionally, other countries such as Australia, New Zealand, and South Korea also sent troops to support the United States' efforts.

2. North Vietnam:

North Vietnam, supported by the Soviet Union and China, aimed to reunify the country under communist rule. They utilized guerrilla tactics and the Ho Chi Minh Trail, a network of supply routes, to maintain their resistance against the American-led forces.

3. South Vietnam:

South Vietnam was backed by the United States in its fight against North Vietnam. Their goal was to preserve the non-communist government and prevent the spread of communism in Southeast Asia.

The Vietnam War witnessed various military forces and weaponry, which significantly impacted the outcome of the conflict. For instance, the United States employed conventional warfare tactics, including airstrikes, ground combat, and the use of advanced weaponry like helicopters, tanks, and artillery. On the other hand, North Vietnamese forces heavily relied on guerrilla warfare, using ambushes, booby traps, and underground tunnels like the Cu Chi tunnels for shelter and supply routes.