Question:

A block with a mass of 2 kg is placed on a horizontal surface. A force of 10 N is applied to the block and the block accelerates to the right with an acceleration of 5 m/s^2.

1. Draw the free-body diagram for the block identifying all the forces acting on it.
2. Determine the net force acting on the block.
3. Calculate the coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the surface.

Free-body diagram:

Normal Force (N) <--||
                  ||--> Force of gravity (mg)
Friction force (f) <==||
Applied force (Fapp) -->

Explanation:

1. The four forces acting on the block are the normal force (N), the force of gravity (mg), the friction force (f), and the applied force (Fapp) in the direction of motion.

2. From Newton's second law, we know that the net force equals the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration:

Net force (Fnet) = mass (m) * acceleration (a)
Fnet = (2 kg) * (5 m/s^2)
Fnet = 10 N

Therefore, the net force acting on the block is 10 N.

3. To determine the coefficient of kinetic friction, we need to find the friction force. The friction force can be calculated using the equation:

Friction force (f) = coefficient of kinetic friction (μk) * normal force (N)

We know that the normal force is equal to the force of gravity (N = mg). Rearranging the equation, we have:

μk = f / N

Using the net force equation from part 2, we can substitute the friction force (f) as:

μk = 10 N / (2 kg * 9.8 m/s^2)

Simplifying the equation, we get:

μk ≈ 0.51

Therefore, the coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the surface is approximately 0.51.