Allergies are a common immune system reaction to substances that are typically harmless to most people. When someone with allergies comes into contact with an allergen, their immune system overreacts, leading to various symptoms. Common allergens include pollen, pet dander, dust mites, certain foods, and medications.

Managing allergies effectively involves first identifying the specific allergens causing the reaction. This can be done through allergy testing, which helps pinpoint the triggers. Once identified, avoiding or minimizing exposure to the allergens is crucial. For seasonal allergies, staying indoors when pollen levels are high and using air purifiers can be helpful. Keeping the house clean, regularly washing bedding, and using dust mite covers can reduce symptoms caused by dust mites and pet allergens.

In addition to avoidance, medications can play a key role in allergy management. Antihistamines can help relieve sneezing, itching, and runny nose. Nasal corticosteroids can reduce inflammation and congestion. Immunotherapy, such as allergy shots, can also be considered for long-term relief and reducing the severity of allergic reactions.